喬治，埃克默教授，南非開(kāi)普敦大學(xué) - 活性污泥理論的奠基人
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喬治，�？四淌� （George A. Ekama）南非科學(xué)與工程院院士，現(xiàn)任職于南非開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)（University of Cape Town，簡(jiǎn)稱UCT）國(guó)際著名的水研究組。負(fù)責(zé)生物污水處理工藝和模型的開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用。
埃可默教授是國(guó)際生物污水處理領(lǐng)域享有盛名的國(guó)際大師級(jí)的專家。他與他的同事在污水生物脫氮除磷領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn)眾所周知。如著名的以開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)名字命名的UCT工藝，他是主要開(kāi)發(fā)者之一；著名的國(guó)際水協(xié)的活性污泥１號(hào)模型（ASM1）和２號(hào)模型（ASM2）就是分別建立在開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)水研究組的UCTold和UCTpho模型基礎(chǔ)之上。他是這些模型開(kāi)發(fā)的核心成員。
開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)水研究組在20世紀(jì)70年代至90年代全球污水脫氮除磷技術(shù)的研究、開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用：
1、1976年與著名的格列特·默雷教授（開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)水研究組的創(chuàng)始人）在“南非水雜志”發(fā)表了著名論文“活性污泥工藝——穩(wěn)態(tài)行為”，該論文奠定了現(xiàn)代活性污泥工藝的理論基礎(chǔ)，其中最主要是確定了COD作為污水有機(jī)質(zhì)測(cè)量指標(biāo)的科學(xué)性以及泥齡（生物體滯留時(shí)間）作為工藝設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行的參數(shù)的重要性，也是活性污泥模型開(kāi)發(fā)的經(jīng)典性論文
2、1978年開(kāi)發(fā)的用于生物除有機(jī)質(zhì)和硝化的活性污泥動(dòng)態(tài)模型，其中最著名的雙基質(zhì)理論即污水中可以生物降解的有機(jī)質(zhì)（基質(zhì)）應(yīng)分為快速降解和慢性降解的二組。
3、1984年主編的由著名的南非水研究委員會(huì)出版的生物脫氮除磷的綜合性手冊(cè)《脫氮除磷活性污泥工藝的理論、設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行》，該手冊(cè)已經(jīng)被世界各國(guó)廣泛的應(yīng)用。
4、1987年與水研究組的同事第一次成功地培養(yǎng)了增強(qiáng)型的生物聚磷菌，并以此成功地開(kāi)發(fā)了生物除磷的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。該模型的成功開(kāi)發(fā)表明了生物除磷已經(jīng)成為一項(xiàng)可工程化的技術(shù)，而不是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的自然現(xiàn)象。
�？四淌谠谑褂蒙锘瘜W(xué)、物理方法進(jìn)行污水處理方面有近30年的研究應(yīng)用經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在生物脫氮除磷工藝模型開(kāi)發(fā)絲狀菌的污泥膨脹控制，二沉池的模擬和設(shè)計(jì)以及生物脫硫和厭氧消化方面一直站在世界學(xué)術(shù)的前沿。已經(jīng)發(fā)表了200多篇的相關(guān)論文和許多專著，有些論文和專著被廣泛地引用。他是環(huán)境工程領(lǐng)域中文章被引用最高的少數(shù)幾個(gè)教授之一。
�？四淌谝约八乃芯拷M目前的研究領(lǐng)域是：
1、外部消化的生物脫氮除磷工藝的研究開(kāi)發(fā)以及工程化應(yīng)用；
2、生物與化學(xué)反應(yīng)的混合模型，如可用于生物除磷及磷的回收的開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用；
3、酸性礦山廢水的生物脫硫技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用；
4、膜分離的活性污泥工藝（膜生物反應(yīng)器）的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)；
5、城市污水與工業(yè)廢水的厭氧消化技術(shù)。
埃克默博士現(xiàn)任南非開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)土木系主任，水研究組主任，是開(kāi)普敦大學(xué)少數(shù)幾個(gè)終身教授之一，是南部非洲水協(xié)會(huì)資深會(huì)員，國(guó)際水協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員和國(guó)際水協(xié)會(huì)活性污泥與生物膜專家組執(zhí)行委員。
George A Ekama, PhD, has 30 years research experience into biological, chemical and physical wastewatertreatment (WWT) at the University of Cape Town, where he contributed to the early research into biological N and P removal and activated sludge kinetic simulation modelling in the 1970 and 80s. Over the years he has been at the forefront of developments in BNR research and implementation, WWT plant kinetic modelling, filamentous bulking, secondary settling tank design, biological sulphateremoval with sewage sludge and anaerobic digestion. He has published over 200 research papers on these subjects and he and his research group have been co-authors of 4 of the International Water Association (IWA) Scientific and Technical Reports (STR) on activated sludge modelling, community analysis and secondary settling tanks. He has been invited plenary speaker at international conferences and guest lecturer for international short courses on WWT. His is one of a select few environmental engineering professors world wide listed on International Science Index’s Highly Cited website(www.isihighlycited.com).
His current research interests are (i) external nitrification in BNR systems, where nitrification takes place outside the suspended medium activated sludge system on fixed media like old trickling filters, for improved system performance andeconomics, (ii) integrated mixed weak acid/base chemistry and biological processes modelling, which allows the chemical processes of dissociation, ion-pairing, mineral precipitation, gas stripping and pH determination to be incorporated with the biological processes of aerobic or anaerobic organic material degradation, (iii) biological sulphate removal from acid mine drainage and (iv) membrane solid liquid separation applications in activated sludge and anaerobic digestion of municipal and industrial wastewaters. Professor Ekama is currently Head of Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Cape Town and a fellow of several institutions such as the Water Institute of Southern Africa, Royal Society of South Africa and the academies of Science and of Engineering of South Africa.
轉(zhuǎn)載自“中國(guó)水網(wǎng)” http://www.h2o-china.com/renwu/Ekama/index.htm
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-117740-222724.html
